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An aromatic plant growing in Africa and Syria

  • 1 palma

    1.
    palma, ae [palamê; Sanscr. phal, to open], f., the palm of the hand.
    I.
    Lit., Cic. Or. 32, 113; Cels. 8, 18:

    cavis undam de flumine palmis Sustulit,

    Verg. A. 8, 69:

    aliquem palmā concutere,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 7:

    faciem contundere palmā,

    Juv. 13, 128: os hominis liberi manus suae palmā verberare, Laber. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 13. —
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    (Pars pro toto.) The hand:

    compressan' palma an porrecta ferio?

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 53:

    palmarum intentus,

    Cic. Sest. 55, 117:

    passis palmis salutem petere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 98:

    teneras arcebant vincula palmas,

    Verg. A. 2, 406:

    duplices tendens ad sidera palmas,

    id. ib. 1, 93:

    amplexus tremulis altaria palmis,

    Ov. M. 5, 103; Val. Fl. 8, 44.—
    B.
    The sole of a goose's foot:

    palmas pedum anseris torrere,

    Plin. 10, 22, 27, § 52.—
    C.
    The broad end or blade of an oar: palmarum pulsus, Laber. ap. Non. 151, 27:

    caerula verrentes abiegnis aequora palmis,

    Cat. 64, 7; Vitr. 10, 8.—
    D.
    A palm-tree, a palm, phoinix:

    ab ejus summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 26; Plin. 13, 4, 9, § 39:

    in palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum,

    id. 13, 11, 21, § 69; 16, 42, 81, § 223; Gell. 3, 6, 2:

    arbor palmae,

    Suet. Aug. 94:

    ardua,

    Verg. G. 2, 67:

    viridis,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 3:

    arbusto palmarum dives Idume,

    Luc. 3, 216.— Sing. collect.:

    umbrosa,

    Juv. 15, 76.—Hence,
    2.
    Transf.
    a.
    The fruit of the palm-tree, a date ( poet.):

    quid vult palma sibi rugosaque carica,

    Ov. F. 1, 185; Pers. 6, 39.—
    b.
    A palm-branch, e. g. which was suspended in wine to make it sweeter, Cato, R. R. 113; Col. 12, 20, 5.—
    c.
    Hence, also, a broom made of palm-twigs:

    ten' lapides varios lutulentā radere palmā,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 83 (pro scopis ex palmā confectis, Schol.); Mart. 14, 82.—
    d.
    A palm-branch or palm-wreath, as a token of victory:

    eodem anno (461 A.U.C.)... palmae primum, translato e Graeciā more, victoribus datae,

    Liv. 10, 47; cf.:

    more victorum cum palmā discucurrit,

    Suet. Calig. 32: IMP. CAES. EX SICILIA EID. NOV. TRIVMPHAVIT, PALMAM DEDIT, dedicated to Jupiter, Inscr. Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 607; so very frequently: palmam dare, Tabulae Fastorum Triumph., v. Bullet. Instit. Archaeol. 1861, p. 91; cf. Isid. Orig. 18, 2, 4; hence,
    e.
    Transf., a token or badge of victory, the palm or prize; and still more gen., victory, honor, glory, pre-eminence:

    antehac est habitus parcus... is nunc in aliam partem palmam possidet,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 32:

    plurimarum palmarum gladiator,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

    cum palmam jam primus acceperit,

    id. Brut. 47, 173:

    quos Elea domum reducit Palma caelestes,

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 17:

    quam palmam utinam di immortales tibi reservent,

    Cic. Sen. 6, 19:

    docto oratori palma danda est,

    id. de Or. 3, 35, 143; id. Att. 4, 15, 6; id. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    alicujus rei palmam alicui deferre,

    id. de Or. 2, 56, 227; cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 1:

    palmā donare aliquem,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 3:

    arbiter pugnae posuisse nudo Sub pede palmam Fertur,

    Hor. C. 3, 20, 11. —Of things:

    Siculum mel fert palmam,

    bears away the palm, has the preference, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14.—
    f.
    Hence, in gen., the topmost twig or branch of any tree:

    quae cujusque stipitis palma sit,

    Liv. 33, 5, 10; cf. Curt. 4, 3, 10 (Mütz.)—
    g.
    Poet., of the victor himself:

    post Helymus subit et jam tertia palma Diores,

    Verg. A. 5, 339; Sil. 16, 504, 574.—
    h.
    Of horses:

    Eliadum palmae equarum,

    Verg. G. 1, 59.—
    k.
    Also, of one about to be conquered, and who is to become the prize of the victor:

    ultima restabat fusis jam palma duobus Virbius,

    Sil. 4, 392.—
    E.
    A branch on a tree, esp. on a vine, = palmes, Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 202; Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 3; Col. 3, 17, 4; 4, 15, 3; 4, 24, 12 sq.—
    F.
    The fruit of an Egyptian tree, Plin. 12, 22, 47, § 103.—
    G.
    An aromatic plant growing in Africa and Syria, Plin. 12, 28, 62, § 134 (= elate).—
    H.
    A marine plant, Plin. 13, 25, 49, § 138.—
    K.
    A town in the Balearic islands, Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 77.
    2.
    palma, ae, a collat. form for parma, v. parma init.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > palma

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